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Neural Networks Found Inherently Vulnerable to Generating Any Output

A new paper published on arXiv explores the surjectivity of neural networks, a property that indicates whether any output can be generated from some input. The research demonstrates that many common neural network architectures, including GPT-style transformers and diffusion models, are almost always surjective. This finding suggests an inherent vulnerability in these models, as it implies they can be prompted to generate any output, including harmful content, raising significant safety and jailbreak concerns. AI

IMPACT Reveals inherent surjectivity in common generative models, suggesting unavoidable vulnerabilities to generating harmful content.

RANK_REASON Academic paper published on arXiv detailing a new finding about neural network properties. [lever_c_demoted from research: ic=1 ai=1.0]

Read on arXiv stat.ML →

AI-generated summary · Google Gemini · from 1 sources. How we write summaries →

COVERAGE [1]

  1. arXiv stat.ML TIER_1 English(EN) · Haozhe Jiang, Nika Haghtalab ·

    On Surjectivity of Neural Networks: Can you elicit any behavior from your model?

    arXiv:2508.19445v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Given a trained neural network, can any specified output be generated by some input? Equivalently, does the network correspond to a function that is surjective? In generative models, surjectivity implies that any output, i…