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New 'Plan' method improves LLM search agents with structured sub-questions

Researchers have developed a new agentic behavior called "Plan" for large language models that decomposes complex questions into ordered sub-questions before retrieval begins. This structured approach aims to improve multi-hop question-answering by anchoring each search step to a pre-designed sub-question, preventing drift from partially relevant documents. The study found that training success depends on model-specific conditions like initial entropy and stability, not just reward design. To address this, a self-bootstrapping paradigm was proposed where a seed model generates filtered trajectories to activate "Plan" in target models, eliminating the need for distillation and consistently outperforming baselines. AI

RANK_REASON This is a research paper detailing a new method for improving LLM agents. [lever_c_demoted from research: ic=1 ai=1.0]

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New 'Plan' method improves LLM search agents with structured sub-questions

COVERAGE [1]

  1. arXiv cs.AI TIER_1 English(EN) · Zhipeng Qian, Zihan Liang, Yufei Ma, Ben Chen, Huangyu Dai, Jiayi Ji, Chenyi Lei, Wenwu Ou, Xiaoshuai Sun, Qibin Hou ·

    Plan Before Search: Search Agents Need Plan

    arXiv:2605.28354v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training large language models as retrieval-augmented reasoning agents typically combines reinforcement learning with an SFT cold start distilled from a stronger model. However, this paradigm overlooks two fundamental factors: the d…