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LoRA outperforms QLoRA and full fine-tuning in speed and memory usage

A recent benchmark on an L40S GPU compared three fine-tuning methods for the Qwen2.5-1.5B-Instruct model: full fine-tuning, LoRA, and QLoRA. Full fine-tuning required the most memory, consuming 36.9 GiB with a micro-batch size of 4. LoRA was faster and used less memory than full fine-tuning, at 14.5 GiB, and achieved a slightly lower held-out loss. Surprisingly, QLoRA was slower than both other methods and used more memory than LoRA. AI

IMPACT Provides practical guidance on choosing fine-tuning methods based on memory and speed constraints for smaller models.

RANK_REASON Benchmark results comparing different fine-tuning techniques for a specific model. [lever_c_demoted from research: ic=1 ai=1.0]

Read on dev.to — LLM tag →

AI-generated summary · Google Gemini · from 1 sources. How we write summaries →

LoRA outperforms QLoRA and full fine-tuning in speed and memory usage

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48 / 100
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Benchmark results comparing different fine-tuning techniques for a specific model. [lever_c_demoted from research: ic=1 ai=1.0]
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COVERAGE [1]

  1. dev.to — LLM tag TIER_1 English(EN) · Runcrate ·

    Full fine-tune vs LoRA vs QLoRA on one L40S: Qwen2.5-1.5B, memory, speed and held-out loss, measured

    <p>"Use LoRA, it needs far less memory" and "use QLoRA if LoRA doesn't fit" are the standard advice for fine-tuning on one GPU. I wanted to see what each one costs on a small model, where the weights are not the problem, so I rented an L40S (48 GB) on Runcrate today (2026-10-28) …