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C++ RLHF reward scoring engine beats PyTorch on CPU

A new study investigates the speed of reward scoring in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) pipelines, finding that a custom C++ inference engine built on ONNX Runtime significantly outperforms standard PyTorch implementations on CPUs. While the C++ engine also showed gains over PyTorch and FastAPI on GPUs, it was slightly slower than torch.compile. The research highlights that batching strategy is a critical factor in performance, often more so than the choice of language or runtime. AI

IMPACT Optimizing reward model scoring could accelerate RLHF training, potentially leading to faster development of more capable AI agents.

RANK_REASON The cluster contains an academic paper detailing a systems study on inference runtimes for RLHF.

Read on Hugging Face Daily Papers →

AI-generated summary · Google Gemini · from 2 sources. How we write summaries →

C++ RLHF reward scoring engine beats PyTorch on CPU

COVERAGE [2]

  1. arXiv cs.LG TIER_1 English(EN) · Venkata Naga Sai Vishnu Rohit Pulipaka, Anish Katta, Deva Rohit Reddy Peddireddy ·

    How Fast Can Reward Models Score? A Systems Study of C++ and PyTorch Inference Runtimes for RLHF

    arXiv:2607.19712v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In RLHF pipelines, reward scoring blocks policy updates. Slow scoring bottlenecks the entire loop, since no update runs until every rollout gets a score. And yet most setups just default to PyTorch eager mode or torch.compile, no on…

  2. Hugging Face Daily Papers TIER_1 English(EN) ·

    How Fast Can Reward Models Score? A Systems Study of C++ and PyTorch Inference Runtimes for RLHF

    In RLHF pipelines, reward scoring blocks policy updates. Slow scoring bottlenecks the entire loop, since no update runs until every rollout gets a score. And yet most setups just default to PyTorch eager mode or torch.compile, no one checks if that's actually fastest. Scoring its…