Critical Minerals AI Supply Chain: Who Controls the Future Six chokepoints control every GPU, HBM chip, and data center cooling system. China processes 90% of r
Six critical chokepoints in the AI supply chain, from raw materials to finished chips, are dominated by China. The country processes 90% of rare earths, highlighting its significant control over the production of GPUs, HBM chips, and data center cooling systems essential for AI development. AI
IMPACT Highlights geopolitical risks and resource dependencies in AI hardware production, potentially impacting future development and accessibility.